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Chaudhury, Nandini Ray

Bleaching Stress on Indian Coral Reef Regions during Mass Coral Bleaching Years using NOAA OISST Data

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Authors

Mohit Arora ¹, Nandini Ray Chaudhury ¹, Ashwin Gujrati ¹, Ramesh Chandra Patel ²

Affiliations
1 Space Applications Centre, Indian Space Research Organisation, Ahmedabad 380 015, IN
2 Department of Geophysics (Applied), Kurukshetra University, Kurukshetra 136 119, IN

Source

Current Science, Vol 117, No 2 (2019), Pagination: 242-250

Abstract

Coral reefs are one of the most ancient, highly productive marine bio-diverse ecosystems on earth. They are threatened to collapse under rapid climate change. ENSO is an extreme climate change event which elevates sea-surface temperature (SST) of tropical oceans. This elevated SST increases the level of thermal stress on coral reefs. Also, coral reefs are the most sensitive among all ecosystems due to temperature change; they exhibit bleaching when SST exceeds normal summer maxima and remains high for more than 28 days. Bleaching threshold, positive SST anomaly and degree heating week (DHW) are commonly used indices for calculating thermal stress on coral reefs. The major coral reef regions in India are Andaman, Nicobar, Lakshadweep, Gulf of Mannar and Gulf of Kachchh. SST from NOAA OISST v2 highresolution daily dataset at 0.25° global grids from 1982 to the present was used for the present study. Here, we focus on the variations in SST experienced by Indian coral reef regions during known mass coral bleaching (MCB) years, viz. 1998, 2010 and 2016. The year 2010 recorded the highest thermal stress for Andaman, Nicobar and Gulf of Kachchh regions, and the year 2016 was severe for Lakshadweep and Gulf of Mannar regions. In 2010 Nicobar was observed to be the most vulnerable according to DHW index.

Keywords

Bleaching Threshold, Degree Heating Week, Mass Coral Bleaching, Sea Surface Temperature.

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References

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Coastal Sediment Dynamics, Ecology and Detection of Coral Reef Macroalgae from AVIRIS-NG

Abstract Views :212 | PDF Views:74

Authors

R. Ratheesh ¹, Nandini Ray Chaudhury ¹, Preeti Rajput ¹, Mohit Arora ¹, Ashwin Gujrati ¹, S. V. V. Arunkumar ¹, Ateeth Shetty ², Rakesh Baral ³, Rakesh Patel ⁴, Devanshi Joshi ⁴, Harshad Patel ⁴, Bharat Pathak ⁴, K. S. Jayappa ², R. N. Samal ³, A. S. Rajawat ¹

Affiliations
1 Space Applications Centre, Indian Space Research Organisation, Ahmedabad 380 015, IN
2 Mangalore University, Mangalagangorti, Mangaluru 574 199, IN
3 Chilika Development Authority, Bhubaneswar 751 014, IN
4 Gujarat Ecological Education and Research Foundation, Gandhinagar 382 007, IN

Source

Current Science, Vol 116, No 7 (2019), Pagination: 1157-1165

Abstract

This article highlights major scientific outcomes of the studies carried out using Airborne Visible/Infrared Imaging Spectrometer-Next Generation (AVIRIS-NG) airborne data over the coastal regions of Mangaluru, Gulf of Kachchh (GoK) and Chilika lagoon. Various hyperspectral remote sensing techniques involving bio-optical models and spectral classification algorithms are used to achieve different objectives related to coastal ecosystem monitoring. AVIRIS-NG airborne data are used to estimate particle size of suspended solids along the coastal waters of Mangaluru using an analytical optical model. The spatial distribution of particle size of the suspended solids in the coastal waters is brought out, while along the coastal land of Mangaluru, the beaches are classified based on uniform sediment characteristics using spectral matching algorithm. AVIRIS-NG data for Pirotan reef in GoK is analysed and species-level identification of the dominant brown macroalgae is carried out. Species-level distribution of brown macroalgae is mapped and used to study the microhabitat preference of different species. At Chilika lagoon, the AVIRIS-NG data are analysed to map the abundance of submerged seagrass using bio-optical model, which provides vital information to the coastal management community. The study asserts the importance of hyperspectral data and various advanced data analysis techniques related to the estimation of geophysical parameters of the coastal waters and monitoring the vital coastal ecosystems.

Keywords

Brown Macroalgae, Coastal Regions, Suspended Sediment Properties, Submerged Seagrass.

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Chaudhury, Nandini Ray

Bleaching Stress on Indian Coral Reef Regions during Mass Coral Bleaching Years using NOAA OISST Data

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Coastal Sediment Dynamics, Ecology and Detection of Coral Reef Macroalgae from AVIRIS-NG

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Range Extension of Pyrosomes in Oligotrophic Waters of the Indian Ocean

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